Raising funds through an ICO/ITO in fiat: yes, it requires a crypto license
The act of selling cryptocurrency for fiat money is commonly known as on-ramping: your money "goes on the ramp" (to reach the blockchain). This is an allegory, as it is technical a simple exchange of a fiat currency against a virtual asset. Due to the intrinsic risky nature of cryptocurrency projects, banking institutions are very demanding to virtual asset issuers and service providers willing to open an account. Yet, a banking account and a payment gateway are necessary to receive fiat currency from your community and investors.

A crypto license is an authorization granted by a recognized financial authority to provide virtual asset services. The financial authority thereby confirms that the project is compliant with applicable regulation and its activity is conducted under its supervision. This is the best, if not only way, to demonstrate trustworthiness to banking institutions as a crypto project.

To put it simple: a crypto license is almost mandatory to conduct a fundraising event in a fiat currency such as the Euro of the US Dollar.

Note: if you are purely selling your newly issued token against another cryptocurrency such as ETH, a crypto license may not be necessary at this stage. For the sake of certainty, we encourage you to contact our legal consultants.

Terms of Sale for your token
As you shop online for goods and services, every professional website has its Terms of Sale (ToS) that provide a legal framework to the sale itself. Covering various adverse events and incidents, a professionally-prepared page of ToS prevents many potential issues and provides a ruling for the ones that may arise. It also signal proper preparation of the fundraising event and trustworthiness, as it demonstrates action taken in the direction of compliance and transparency.

The preparation of suitable Terms of Sale is one of many legal services offered by our blockchain lawyers. Our team has contributed to the preparation of such documents for fundraising events, private sales, public sales and other less standard offerings. For convenience, we usually comprise and offer this legal webpage in a bundle of documents facilitating the legal action of your project.

Simple Agreement for Future Token (SAFT)
The Simple Agreement for Future Token (SAFT) is a financial instrument that can be preferred by investors, instead of receiving tokens on a wallet.

SAFTs are usually sold in the very first stages of the fundraising process, as it precede the public sale. In short: a SAFT is an agreement between the project and the investor, that the project will sell X tokens to the investor at a discounted price once the cryptocurrency has been emitted. This allows the project to receive very early funding before even releasing the token, and with minimal legal complexity. On the other hand, the investors are benefiting from a potentially very low price on a future promising coin.

Preparing a SAFT is a simple and fast process for our lawyers. It is an inexpensive and effective way to raise capital very early in the stage of your project, provided that you reach an agreement with investors. As for Terms of Sale, SAFT can be bundled into a package of legal documents for your project.

Classification of the crypto asset to be sold in the fundraising event
The traditional breakdown of cryptocurrency classification includes three types of virtual assets:

Payment tokens — a crypto asset with no other purpose than being transmitted and kept. Example: BTC.
Utility tokens — a crypto asset which can be used for accessing certain services. Example: ETH.
Security tokens — a crypto asset whose property amalgamates it to a financial security. Security regulation subsequently apply.
The key point here is, that in case the token to be sold is legally classificable as a security token, then a vastly more stringent regulation will apply to it. And failure to meet such heavy regulatory requirements can lead to severe sanctions. This is why every ICO and ITO isn't green lighted before the issuance of a legal opinion: a lawyers' assessment of the token and its possibly applicable rules. Our FinTech lawyer are familiar with many financial authorities' classification criteria of a security, and will confront the technical details of your token to the law in order to express an opinion on whether or not the security token classification may apply. If it is the case, our lawyers provide you with recommendations to re-qualify the token as per their assessment.

Note: in the case of European crypto projects, the MiCA regulation has enforced slightly different categorization, especially for virtual assets formerly known as stablecoins. As we put a comprehensive guide on the matter, we encourage you to speak to one of our consultant.

Assessment of the project's legality
In a more general way, the legality of the underlying project should be assessed before the fundraising occurs. As crypto activites are now regulated in most of the world, subsequent regulations apply. Naturally, other regulations may apply to other FinTech business models, depending on your exact plan.

Assessing the legality of your project, but also giving you pointers on how to further optimize your corporate structure and authorization processes, is part of our legal team's signature services. Rengang provides tailored legal analysis of your corporate structure and business plan, in order to pinpoint the best cost-effective solutions to get started in full compliance at the earliest time.

How does the MiCA regulation affect ICO fundraising in the European market?
The Markets in Crypto Assets regulation impacts every virtual asset service provider in the European Union. Its effect on initial coin offerings is substantial, as it redefines partly the classification of crypto assets that is outlined in the "Token Classification" chapter of this guide.

Rengang offers a hands-on and collaborative approach to its clients tackling the MiCA framework. Our blockchain lawyers are providing individual legal advice to crypto companies and projects preparing a fundraising event through an initial coin offering. We invite you to reach out to our consulting team in order to benefit from tailored advice and insiders' insights on the application of MiCA and how it may affect your business in Europe.

Token Issuance in Europe under the MiCA regulation is subject to specific rules and requirements. Crypto companies and entrepreneurs willing to issue any type of crypto-asset in Europe must absolutely acknowledge the new framework and ideally seek legal and compliance assistance.